What is the primary function of B cells in the immune response?

• A. Phagocytosis of pathogens
• B. Production of antibodies
• C. Activation of T cells
• D. Destruction of infected cells

Answer: (B)

The primary function of B cells in the immune response is the production of antibodies. B cells are a type of lymphocyte that play a crucial role in the adaptive immune system. When B cells encounter an antigen, they can differentiate into plasma cells, which are specialized for the synthesis and secretion of antibodies. These antibodies specifically bind to the antigens present on pathogens, marking them for destruction by other immune cells or neutralizing them directly.

This process is vital for providing immunity, as antibodies can persist in the body long after the initial infection, enabling a faster and more effective response if the pathogen is encountered again in the future.

Phagocytosis is primarily carried out by other immune cells, such as macrophages and neutrophils, while the activation of T cells is generally the responsibility of antigen-presenting cells rather than B cells. Similarly, the destruction of infected cells is mainly a function of cytotoxic T cells, which directly target and eliminate cells infected by viruses or those that have become cancerous.