What defect is suggested to cause excessive eating in people with bulimia based on hormonal responses?

• A. Fewer CCK-sensitive vagal afferent nerves
• B. Excess bile release in response to CCK
• C. Decreased release of CCK in response to food
• D. Hypersensitivity to the presence of CCK

Answer: (C)

The connection between hormonal responses and excessive eating in individuals with bulimia can be closely tied to Cholecystokinin (CCK), a hormone that plays a significant role in digestive processes and feelings of satiety. In normal physiological responses, CCK is released in response to the intake of food, especially fats and proteins, which then helps signal the brain to induce feelings of fullness and decrease appetite.

The assertion that there is a decreased release of CCK in response to food signifies that individuals with bulimia may not experience the usual regulatory effects on appetite that this hormone provides. When CCK levels are inadequate following the consumption of food, it may fail to send strong signals of satiety to the brain, potentially leading to increased eating behavior. This hormonal dysregulation could create a cycle where the lack of effective satiety signals results in excessive consumption, characteristic of bulimia.

Other options might discuss various aspects of CCK or its signaling pathways, but do not align with the primary defect suggested in relation to excessive eating behaviors specifically associated with bulimia. Rather, focusing on the decreased response of CCK to food intake captures the essence of how hormonal levels contribute to altered eating patterns in those with the condition.